Author Archives: Converse

Avatar photo

About Converse

Fascinated by FIRE and escaping the rat-race. Humanities educated, loves tech and just wonders if everyone could be a little more relaxed and nicer to each other.

50k Down – Still Don’t Care!…(ish)

The last few months have been pretty crazy for the neophyte investor (I suspect it hasn’t been all that much fun for experienced investors either). Our portfolio is currently worth about $30k less than what we paid for it, although if we count our gains from the bonanza that was 2021, we are down close to $50k.

That’s a lot of money!

Learning to love the bear

What has helped is the knowledge that this is a good think for anyone in the accumulation stage and that this will be temporary. Also, dividend payments were announced today and…wow! Biggest payment we ever received!

Bull markets make you rich (and a bit anxious)

Several friends and colleagues got their start investing this calendar year and it has been interesting how different the reactions have been to the recent volatility. I have heard several people exclaim how much they have lost (despite the face they haven’t actually sold…) and that they would now wait until the market rises again until they put any more money into it. Little will persuade them that this is a natural part of the process. That said, I’m not spending much time doing any persuading.

I’ve found it comforting that some have repeated more realistic mantras about stocks being on sale and the upsides of accumulating through a price dip. Taking the academic perspective is straightforward, but taming the emotional perspective is hard! I know that this is a good time to be investing and I know that the market will recover and rise in the future. It only takes the edge off the feelings of loss one gets when you see your balance about $50k down from 6 months ago though! I hope that this is something that will get easier over time. While Shortbread finds it easy to never check investment numbers, I’m the sort that checks most days. I think this might make it easier to take volatility in my stride in the future – I’ve seen gains and losses so much that it has stopped registering so emotionally.

I’ll say it here for my future self to reference: If you are worried about bear markets have a look at a fund’s growth chart. If you’re still worried…zoom out! If you are still worried after that, you might want to consider another path.

Divi-damn, that’s quite a lot!

Dividends have been announced today and it’s pretty good news. This is easily the largest dividend payment we’ve ever received. I was a bit worried that dividends would be cut in the face of the market decline, but this hasn’t really been borne out. I’m particularly impressed by our global fund – VWRD. The previous dividend at the end of Q1 2022 was $0.33 per share, with it hovering between that and $0.58 for several quarters prior. This quarter will pay $0.84 per share! We were predicting roughly $750 – $800 for this quarter as dividend income, but we are stoked to be receiving closer to $1230!

Again, academically this is probably bad news. Companies giving away part of their value isn’t going to help their profitability in the long term. However, the emotional side of my investing brain absolutely loves dividends. It’s not free money, I know it’s not free money…but it emotionally feels a bit like it! It doesn’t hurt that we live in a jurisdiction with no tax on realised capital gains or dividends. We will, of course, be reinvesting these dividends but it still feels pretty good to receive them.

I’m not sure if I had a particularly clear message or point in this post, but figured it was worth marking being near $50k down for the future. We’re still buying and we’re still holding! The dividends also feel nice, logic be damned.

Money Memories From Childhood (Part 1)

Shortbread and I were chatting about some of the things we remember experiencing and thinking about when we were children. We thought it might be a good topic for a post! I’ll go first, she will post hers later.

A Stationary Traction Engine. This is all they do.

“Every man has his price”

When I was about 10, I remember spending some time with a friend of the family we called Uncle Clive. He was a friend of my Grandad’s and I remember looking up to him because he knew about cars, guns, and other things a nerdy boy was in to. I remember Uncle Clive talking about a traction engine that he really wanted, but it belonged to someone who wouldn’t sell it. While traction engines bored me to tears*,   I wanted to contribute something to the conversation so ended up enigmatically saying “every man has his price.” Where did a 10-year-old pick up this mafioso-esque tidbit of insight into the human psyche? Probably cartoons.

In any case, I remember Uncle Clive explaining to me that, in this case, this wasn’t applicable. Apparently, the man who owned his coveted traction engine got a lot of joy out of it, lived in a comfortable house, was retired and generally did whatever he wanted. There was literally nothing in the world that could be offered that would tempt him.

I was fascinated by this at the time. I always assumed that money was a motivator for everything, but to be faced with the idea of someone so comfortable in themselves that no monetary figure could even tempt them was hard to understand. I wondered how it was possible to get to a state like this. I think I concluded that it must be extremely rare for people to live like this.

25 years later and it turns out that my supposition was correct! Financial Independence is a means to achieving this. If you want to get to a stage in your life where you no longer have a price, pursuing FI is what you need to be working on!

“I want enough to be comfortable”

I wanted to be a rock star when I was younger. I wanted the fame, money and the chance to show off. I literally could not imagine having too much money (growing up somewhat poor will do that to you). How would that even work? I remember the National Lottery getting started in the U.K. and listening to my parents fantasising about winning. One day, on the way to the Supermarket for the weekly shop, I remember testing different amounts of money on my parents.

“How about 20 million? Or 30 million?”

I was surprised when both my parents replied that 30 million was far too much. It seemed straightforward to me – more is better!

“Being that rich would be stressful, I want enough to be comfortable,” my dad said. The irony of this is not lost on adult me given how much the man spanked on frivolous nonsense – there was no imminent danger of having too much money in our household. That said, it made me really think about the idea of being comfortable. How much would that be? What did it mean to be comfortable? I had an inkling we were not as well off as some of my friends, but I had enjoyed a pretty happy childhood to that point. How much more comfortable could one be?

It’s only in recent years that I feel I understand this better. I interpret it as understanding what is enough for you. The concept of having enough is well written about by personal finance writers and can help towards working out your eventual FI number. Having enough is also related to the previous story in that you are satisfied with your position in life and do not need extra. Your lifestyle is about as inflated as its going to get, and money just doesn’t have the same meaning to you anymore.

I quite like the idea of having enough money where suddenly money becomes unimportant. It can’t tempt or stress you in the same way. You have made your choice as to what constitutes your personal “enough” and you can no longer be tempted or bought. My childhood money memories took a long time to be mixed with enough life experience to morph into something that passes as wisdom. It might take a while, but it’s so important for Shortbread and I to keep working until we have enough and we no longer have a price!

*A traction engine show is a thing of unbelievable nerdy beauty. Shortbread’s Dad also happens to like going to local provincial shows in the UK where men of a certain age drive up in battered vans, unload their steam engines, get them going and then…that’s it. You wander round the small field having a look at other mostly identical engines and wait for the inevitable rain to come. Your only comfort is your packet of crisps to go with your crap ham and butter sandwich for lunch. You might get a cup of badly made tea if it stops raining before everyone begins to pack up and go home. God save the bloody Queen.

Revisiting Our Manifesto for 2022

We’re about half way through 2022 and felt it was about time to reflect on our manifesto from last year.

1. Live intentionally
Still relevant, still the most important to us. Not following the crowd, but thinking about our own intentions (with regards to spending money or time) before doing something has been on our minds recently. Shortbread decided that a lavish leaving party for a colleague was a ludicrous amount of money to spend and decided against attending. I noticed how frustrated my colleagues were at a restaurant visit that I decided not to drink with them. It has felt empowering to make decisions about what was important to us and to stick with it.

It hasn’t been all deprivation and avoidance. We have some very large private healthcare costs coming up in the next year or so, despite having the option to use the very cheap government hospital. However, the peace of mind we have knowing the service we will get out of it outweighs the price tag. We have no regrets committing to this – it’s a case of weighing up what actually matters and budgeting for it. Our decision will have absolutely no other impact on our savings rate or lifestyle.

2. Live as far below your means as you can; save and invest the rest.
Sometimes this can conflict with the first point in the manifesto and comes across as a little judge-y and tone deaf. The “as you can” part of the statement is something we have been considering. We have approached this by setting clear financial plans every quarter. This helps us to define “as you can,” and leaves some flexibility. This might be a part of the manifesto we edit in the future, but the wording allows some flexibility as it is. Perhaps adding “review this every so often” might help making this less of an aggressive imperative.

3. Buy it for life (but you are not what you own)
The movement of other expats has us thinking about this, and we might consider rewording this to “ensure you use what you own.” We are not particularly attached to possessions in our apartment and we accept that it is likely to be impractical in the future when we decide to emigrate somewhere else. We have been selling various things that have not been in use recently and having the money instead of the object taking up space has been liberating. That said, buying a quality item you don’t have to replace is still important and worth spending a little more on.

On reflection, We are going to change this item to “Focus on quality, not price, and ensure you use everything you own.”

4. Live lightly enough to be flexible
No change – and definitely helpful when we moved! We are still on a trajectory of reducing our possessions rather than increasing them. Also, with several colleagues looking to return to their home counties, we realise just how fortunate we are to be where we are. Having the elements of our manifesto guide our choices is made infinitely easier by having budgeting breathing room. Getting yourself into a position where you are paid as much as possible for whatever career you are involved in is a worthy goal and being flexible and light helps this.

5. Learn to do it yourself
This has been on our minds recently, particularly not outsourcing chores and paying for convenience. We have been good at meal planning recently and ensuring that there is always a prepped frozen meal on the off chance we are too tired or pushed for time to cook. We think that personal discipline is a great skill and habit to cultivate.

Overall
Our manifesto has largely held up, but we have tweaked one element to better represent our experiences. On reflection, some of the points can be contradictory sometimes. However, having “live intentionally” as the number one point somewhat overrules all the others and encourages reflection and good decision making.

The manifesto can be found on our ‘about’ page here.

You Won’t Remember the Convenience You Paid For

We are fortunate to live in a city where we are surrounded by just about everything we need within about 20mins. Public transport is generally cheap and fantastic and there is an abundance of shops just about everywhere. On top of that, domestic help, fast food and even laundry is quite cheap. In some ways the most difficult thing we have had to wrangle with is lifestyle inflation.

One downside of living where we do is the size of apartments. Kitchens are occasionally just a burner in the corner of the room so cooking can be a miserable experience. In some ways, this is a perfect encapsulation of the expat problem – it is far too easy to pay for the problem to go away. You could pay for domestic help to cook for you. You can pay for grocery delivery using services like Deliveroo. You can get restaurant food delivery. You can even pay for meals to be delivered to your place of work for you to heat up.

While some of these options are handy, we can’t help but wonder what is being given up by using them. We have heard many conversations where people justify the “convenience” of these options. I particularly like the line of thinking that when you factor in time and all the different ingredients you need to cook a meal, pre-made and delivered food ends up cheaper (how many ingredients? hundreds? thousands? what are people cooking??). I strongly suspect this is not the case- how often is paying someone for a service you could do yourself actually cheaper? It overlooks a more important reason to try and reject this particular lifestyle inflation: habits and skills.

The skills you develop by not outsourcing are so useful as well. It can be genuinely challenging to plan a weeks worth of meals and end up with no food waste at the end. It can be difficult to learn to cook with ingredients you find intimidating. It can be a real pain to wash up every evening! However, these are skills that can really make a difference to your life, as well as imbue you with a slightly greater sense of control.

Lastly, your future self is unlikely to remember the convenience you did or didn’t pay for. In which case, consideration of the outcomes of your decisions are worth considering as these are what become habits. How much of the irritation do you remember from doing a chore yourself? Probably very little, but you have formed a habit based in developing a life skill. It might be irritating at the time, but becoming adept at a skill always provides satisfaction.

  • If you won’t remember the convenience (How many food takeaways do you remember?), you are left with less money and less developed skill. You are more reliant on the habit of having to pay others for something.
  • If you won’t remember the struggle or irritation of a task you complete yourself, you are at least left with more money, more developed skills and the habit of relying on your own initiative and work.

This might be an oversimplification (it’s certainly Mr Money Moustache-esque – Financial freedom through badassity), but it’s a guiding principle that generally works for us. It helps to fight lifestyle inflation as well as making us feel more able to take care of ourselves. Obviously everyone has their own line in the sand, but the consideration of skills and habits you wish to form is worth spending some time on. Is this action turning you into the best version of yourself? Are you paying for a skill that you should be learning yourself?

As a return to the title: you won’t remember the convenience you paid for, but you might come to regret the skills and habits you didn’t develop or form.

The Power Of F-U Money

The summer holidays have been a mixed blessing for expat teachers the last two years. The summers are (as so many in corporate jobs have long suspected) a huge perk for teachers. It really is as great as you think it is! Getting paid a substantial amount of money to spend the summer doing very little is great. Traveling is a genuine option, especially if you live in a place well connected to others. However, travel has obviously not been an option for the past two years. This is exacerbated by long quarantine periods in the place you’re traveling to and on your return.

“airplane” by Kuster & Wildhaber Photography is licensed under CC BY-ND 2.0

This is where teaching differs from some other forms of work in that its recruitment is very seasonal. Let’s say you need to jump on a plane for an emergency and your school decides to terminate your contract. You may be waiting at least 6 months for recruitment season to roll around to be able to pick up work (and even then potentially not start work for several months after that). This is obviously an untenable predicament to be in if you are dependent on your salary as your only income.

Watching the fluidity of the quarantine rules mess with my colleagues the last month or so has been the strongest affirmation of JL Collin’s F-U Money concept I have yet experienced. Some have not seen their families in two years and are very emotional about it. That said, school policies in several organisations have had to be pretty clear – if you travel in the knowledge that you will not get back in time to start the new year you are potentially risking your employment. Certainly this was the case a while back where several teachers from schools in Asia found themselves unable to return when flights were cancelled.

While I have some sympathy with my colleagues (I’m not an arse!), I found it interesting how many told each other they would just quit if they couldn’t get their week or two with family. I admire the sentiment… but saw through it. None of them can really walk away from the remuneration that international school teaching offers. They certainly do not have the cash to support themselves for 6 months to a year.

Andrew Hallam’s writing on “expatitis” rings true for me. Turning up in a new country can be disorientating and a large pay check can very rapidly distort your perspective regarding lifestyle. Shortbread and I watched in genuine amazement just how far our peers lifestyles inflated over the years. Phrases like “I deserve it” became lexical norms. Saving is often something people do literally because they can’t spend all the cash they are earning (although many have no real difficulty in this regard). The number of people who proclaimed they deserved staycations was ludicrous to us – paying rent on two places in the same city for the same night?? This has come crashing down for many who have no long term financial plan due to the pandemic.

It hit me that breaking free of financial dependence on a salary is so much more than not having to work. It’s about genuine freedom. The golden handcuffs of international school teaching are very real. Watching people get so upset over not being able to return home for fear of losing the salary is humbling. What could be achieved if they had F-U Money? It certainly makes me double down on my belief that conscious living and FIRE are the most important things to achieve for us.

For us it boils down to a simple choice: make efforts and occasional sacrifices now and over the next few years to be able to break free of salary dependency for the rest of our lives… or be gilded slaves working until we’re either not allowed to work anymore (we have colleagues who have run into this issue) or we die. It’s obvious to us which is the better option.

So How Do You Actually Do This Investing Thing?

The whole FIRE thing is great in theory… but sometimes you have to have some sort of guidance on how to put that theory into practice!

There are a few great series on blogs like Millennial Revolution or JLCollins detailing the theory and reasoning behind investing in index funds. However, for expats or non-Americans it becomes less clear. For example, Vanguard’s presence where we live does not extend to offering accounts and mutual funds. Thus, many of the guides and how-to’s were not relevant to our situation. Many expats will find themselves in a similar situation. Fortunately, work by people like Andrew Hallam makes this more straightforward… but often it’s finding this information that’s so difficult.

I figured I would lay out our approach on the off-chance it may be useful to someone.

Brokerages
I heard about index funds many years ago and understood the benefits of this form of investing over stock picking. Following up on this, if we were still living in the UK it would have been easy – just go open an account at Vanguard UK and have at it! The problem we faced was that we have been resident in Asia for quite some time and so this was not really an option for us.

So where do you actually buy these index funds??

This was a question that plagued me for a while and resulted in us making our first major financial misstep. I’m sure we’ll write about that in a future post.

The Vanguard website suggested that its funds were available as ETF’s – effectively the fund packaged as an individual share and bought and sold on a stock exchange.

Okay, so where can you buy an ETF? You need a brokerage account, my man!

Choosing a brokerage account took us about a month – we compared lots of different companies and tried to predict how our future behaviour (e.g. how often we would be purchasing ETFs, what currencies we might need and that sort of thing) might incur fees.

We eventually settled on Interactive Brokers, partially on a recommendation.

Things we like:
– No fee just to maintain an account (I can’t believe that this is actually a thing)
– Low ForEx fees
– Low trading fees
– A $10 USD monthly charge below a $100,000 USD account balance. Any fees from trades are subtracted from this charge. The charge also only seemed to begin after three months. We are targeting above $100,000 USD in the account this year and so this doesn’t really bother us.
– Pretty easy to set up. Support was fine.

Things we don’t like:
– The interface is not simple..at all.
– Adding a bank account for deposits & withdrawals required a surprisingly steep initial transfer sum. It was steep enough for it to be notable to anyone opening an account to be aware of.
– That’s probably about it!

We could have used our bank accounts but found understanding the fees difficult. We figured that if it’s not straightforward to understand there was likely going to be an issue in the future.

Now we had our account open… what next?

ETFs
The next nugget of vital knowledge was which forms of ETF’s to buy. I was surprised just how aggressive the US tax system is to foreign ownership of US assets. Essentially it becomes dangerous to own anything over $60,000 USD in assets in the USA as a foreigner as the IRS can seize this if you die. Additionally, a 30% tax is applied to gains and dividends. That’s how I understand it anyway. The Bogleheads site has more information. Even if I’ve misunderstood that… no US-domiciled funds for this couple!

Luckily, there are alternatives – UCITS ETF’s. These funds are domiciled in Ireland and only charge a 15% withholding tax. They sometimes have slightly higher fees than their US-domiciled counterparts, but the lower tax rate ensures that they are still attractive investment instruments. I think the fee difference between the Vanguard S&P500 UCITS and US-domiciled ETF’s is 0.03% to 0.07% at the moment. Given that fees are an area of competition between ETF providers, I would expect that these would continue to drop in the future anyway.

You can use justetf.com to compare different instruments and ETF providers. We wanted dividend-paying equity and bond funds, which we’ll explain in a later post. Largely it doesn’t seem to matter much if you choose an accumulating or distributing fund in terms of performance. If you’re only going to reinvest the dividends paid anyway, it is usually better to go with the accumulating version of the fund. That said, we are reinvesting the dividends paid but still went with distributing versions.

Taxes
Our last consideration was tax (one of the two certainties in life). The UK has a great many problems but working out income tax for individuals is probably not one of them. The Pay As You Earn (PAYE) system automatically takes money out of your paycheque so you don’t have to fill in annual tax returns. Thus, fresh-off-the-boat UK expats in a foreign land immediately become extremely nervous when presented with their first tax returns to fill out. I have annoyed HR several times taking my form for double and triple checking. In my defence, it’s not like tax authorities are famously peppy in their messaging related to getting your returns submitted accurately and on time.

“Why don’t you just photocopy this form so you can use it for next year?”
You have a point Judy in HR, but I am definitely going to lose that photocopy by then. Try to understand, the British government has trained this lack of ability into me. Blame them.

We were worried about how our funds might cost us in this regard… until we realised that we lived in a country with no capital gains or dividends tax. All hail rampant capitalism!

Obviously, this is absolutely useless to anyone reading this from a locale which does institute taxes on gains and dividends. I’m sorry I can’t tell you more… but we don’t live there.

We’re not entirely sure how this might affect us if we move somewhere else (which is pretty likely), but perhaps we will take inspiration from lists like this.

Conclusion & time to find some investment instruments!
So that’s the rough path we followed! We’ll save asset allocation, currencies and the ETF criteria we looked at for another post.